Difference between revisions of "Documentation/4.0/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts"

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*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Cross_Reference|Cross reference]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Cross_Reference|Cross reference]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Window_.26_Level| Window Level]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Window_.26_Level| Window Level]]
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Rotate|Rotate]]
+
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Opacity_blending|Opacity Blending]]
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Zoom_In_.26_Out|Zoom in and out]]
+
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Rotate.2C_Zoom.2C_Pan|Rotate, Zoom, Pan]]
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Pan_.28Translate.29|Pan (translate)]]
 
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Selecting_.26_Manipulating|Selecting and Manipulating]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Selecting_.26_Manipulating|Selecting and Manipulating]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Mouse_Modes|Mouse modes]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Mouse_Modes|Mouse modes]]
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*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#3D_Viewer| 3D Viewer]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#3D_Viewer| 3D Viewer]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Slice_Viewer| Slice Viewer]]
 
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Slice_Viewer| Slice Viewer]]
 +
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Transfer_Functions| Transfer functions]]
 +
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Keyboard_Shortcuts.E2.80.94Windows| Non-Slicer Key bindings for Windows]]
 +
*[[Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/SlicerApplication/MouseandKeyboardShortcuts#Keyboard_Shortcuts.E2.80.94Mac| Non-Slicer Key bindings for Mac]]
 
|}
 
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|
 
|
 
==Cross Reference==  
 
==Cross Reference==  
Holding down the Shift-Key while moving the mouse in any '''Slice Viewer''' will cause other Slice Viewers to interactively scroll to the same RAS position indexed by the mouse. This feature is useful when inspecting and can be combined with cross-hairs.
+
Holding down the Shift-Key while moving the mouse in any '''Slice Viewer''' will cause other Slice Viewers to scroll to the same position. This feature can be combined with cross-hairs.
  
 
==Crosshairs==
 
==Crosshairs==
Line 43: Line 44:
  
 
==Window & Level==  
 
==Window & Level==  
Left-clicking and dragging the mouse in any '''Slice viewer''' is a quick way to adjust Window and Level.  
+
*Left-click & drag in a '''Slice Viewer''' adjusts Window / Level.  
*Adjust the middle value (level) of the greyscale window by moving the mouse up (increase level) or down (decrease level), and adjust the greyscale window size by moving the mouse to the left (decrease window size) or right (increase window size).  
+
**Adjust the '''level''' by moving the mouse '''vertically'''
*Slicer's Volumes Module provides a "Display" interface for more precise adjustments.
+
**Adjust the '''window''' by moving the mouse '''horizontally'''
 +
*An interface with sliders and numeric input fields is available in the [http://www.slicer.org/wiki/Documentation/{{documentation/version}}/Modules/Volumes Volumes Module] for more precise controls.
 +
 
 +
==Opacity blending==
 +
*Ctrl ([[image:Apple-Command.png]] on the Mac) & Left-click & drag in a '''Slice Viewer''' adjusts opacity.  
 +
**Adjust the '''foreground opacity''' by moving the mouse '''vertically'''
 +
**Adjust the '''labelmap opacity''' by moving the mouse '''horizontally'''
 +
*An interface with sliders and numeric input fields is available in the Slice View Controller for more precise controls.
  
 
|[[image:2011-12-Crosshair-Toolbar.png|150px|thumb|Crosshair-Toolbar<br>A variety of crosshair modes are available in Slicer]]
 
|[[image:2011-12-Crosshair-Toolbar.png|150px|thumb|Crosshair-Toolbar<br>A variety of crosshair modes are available in Slicer]]
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 
==Rotate, Zoom, Pan==
 
==Rotate, Zoom, Pan==
 +
 
{| border="1" width="100%" valign="top" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3"
 
{| border="1" width="100%" valign="top" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3"
|Action
+
|style="background:#ffefd5;"|'''Interface Device/Action'''
|3-button
+
|style="background:lightyellow;" |'''Rotate''' (3D viewers only)
|2-button
+
|style="background:lightyellow;" |'''Zoom'''
|1-button
+
|style="background:lightyellow;" |'''Pan'''
|1-button Mac
+
|-
|Trackpad Mac
+
|style="background:bisque;" |'''3-button'''
 +
|Left-click & drag
 +
|Right-Click & vertical drag
 +
|Middle-Click & drag
 +
|-
 +
|style="background:bisque;" |'''2-button'''
 +
|Left-click & drag
 +
|Right-Click & vertical drag
 +
|Shift+Left-Click & drag
 
|-
 
|-
|Rotate (3D viewers only
+
|style="background:bisque;" |'''1-button'''
|Left-click & drag
+
|Left-click & drag
|Left-click & drag
+
|Ctrl+Left-Click & vertical drag
|Left-click & drag
+
|Shift+Left-Click & drag
|Left-click & drag
+
|-
|Left-click & drag
+
|style="background:bisque;" |'''1-button Mac'''
 +
|Left-click & drag
 +
|[[image:Apple-Command.png]](command)+Left-Click & vertical drag
 +
|Shift+Left-Click & drag
 +
|-
 +
|style="background:bisque;" |'''Trackpad Mac'''
 +
|Left-click & drag
 +
|two-fingers & vertical drag
 +
|Shift+Left-Click & drag
 
|}
 
|}
 
==Rotate==
 
Win, Mac, Linux in '''3D Viewers'''
 
*Left-click & drag
 
 
==Zoom In & Out==
 
Win, Mac, Linux in either '''Slice or 3D Viewers'''
 
*3 and 2 -Button Mouse: Right-Click & vertical drag
 
*1-Button Mouse: Ctrl+Left-Click & vertical drag
 
*1-Button Mouse Mac: Command+Left-Click & vertical drag
 
*On the Mac Trackpad: two-fingers & vertical drag
 
 
==Pan (Translate)==
 
Win, Mac, Linux in either '''Slice or 3D Viewers'''
 
*3-Button Mouse: Middle-Click & drag
 
*2 and 1 -Button Mouse: Shift+Left-Click & drag
 
  
 
==Selecting & Manipulating==  
 
==Selecting & Manipulating==  
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|Slicer has two mouse modes: Transform, and Place. The icons in the mouse mode toolbar at the top of the main GUI allow to switch between these mouse modes and to modulate their behavior.  
 
|Slicer has two mouse modes: Transform, and Place. The icons in the mouse mode toolbar at the top of the main GUI allow to switch between these mouse modes and to modulate their behavior.  
  
*'''Transform mode''' is the '''default''' interaction mode. This mode allows interactive rotation (3D viewer only), pan/translation and zoom.
+
*'''Transform mode''' is the '''default''' interaction mode. This mode allows interactive rotation (3D viewer only), pan/translation and zoom (see above).
 
*'''Place''' mode allows to place one object then switches modes back to '''Transform''' mode. Place mode can be made persistent by clicking the checkbox adjacent to place mode. This allows to place multiple objects (e.g. fiducials).  
 
*'''Place''' mode allows to place one object then switches modes back to '''Transform''' mode. Place mode can be made persistent by clicking the checkbox adjacent to place mode. This allows to place multiple objects (e.g. fiducials).  
 
**Fiducial is the default object in Place mode  
 
**Fiducial is the default object in Place mode  
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| style="width:200px" |'''Ctrl+W'''  
 
| style="width:200px" |'''Ctrl+W'''  
 
| align="left"| Close a scene
 
| align="left"| Close a scene
 +
|-
 +
| style="width:200px" |'''Ctrl+Z'''
 +
| align="left"| Undo the history of undoable commands, from last to first.
 +
|-
 +
| style="width:200px" |'''Ctrl+Y'''
 +
| align="left"| Redo the history of undoable commands, from last to first.
 +
|-
 +
| style="width:200px" |'''Ctrl+H'''
 +
| align="left"| Set current module to "home" module for easy access.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="width:200px"| '''Space'''  
 
| style="width:200px"| '''Space'''  
Line 134: Line 153:
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+M '''  
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+M '''  
 
| align="left" | Create a new Ruler measurement between the last two placed fiducials.
 
| align="left" | Create a new Ruler measurement between the last two placed fiducials.
 +
|-
 +
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+0 '''
 +
| align="left" | Display error log.
 +
|-
 +
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+1 '''
 +
| align="left" | Interface documentation.
 +
|-
 +
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+2 '''
 +
| align="left" | Display the '''Application Settings Interface''' for customizing Slicer.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+3 '''  
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+3 '''  
Line 143: Line 171:
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+5 '''  
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+5 '''  
 
| align="left" | Toggle Module Panel visible/invisible.
 
| align="left" | Toggle Module Panel visible/invisible.
|-
 
| style="width:200px" | '''Ctrl+0 '''
 
| align="left" | Display error log.
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
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| align="left" | When the mouse is hovering over a fiducial in the Slice Viewer (turning it yellow), delete that fiducial
 
| align="left" | When the mouse is hovering over a fiducial in the Slice Viewer (turning it yellow), delete that fiducial
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
==Transfer Functions==
 +
[[image:VolumeRendering-TransferFunction.png|thumb|right|348px|Transfer function in Volume Rendering module]]
 +
 +
* Current point (larger radius point)
 +
** ''Left click''' on an existing point : make a point current
 +
** '''Right arrow key''' or '''Top arrow key''': Make next point current
 +
** '''Left arrow key''' or '''Bottom arrow key''': Make previous point current
 +
** '''Left click & drag''': Move current point
 +
** ''Todo: '''Ctrl & arrow key''': Move current point horizontally & vertically''
 +
* Add a point
 +
** '''Left click''' in an empty space
 +
* Remove a point
 +
** '''Middle click''': Remove and make next point current
 +
** '''Backspace key''': Remove and make previous point current
 +
** '''Del[ete] key''': Remove and make next point current
 +
* Multi-selection (blue points)
 +
** '''Right click & drag''': Select points inside rubber band area
 +
** '''Right click''' a point: Toggle point selection
 +
** '''Space key''': Toggle current point
 +
** '''Shift & arrow key''': Select next/previous point
 +
** '''Left click & drag''': Move selected points
 +
** ''Todo: '''Ctrl & arrow key''': Move selected points''
 +
** '''+ key''': Expand selected points
 +
** '''- key''': Contract selected points
 +
* Zoom
 +
** '''Mouse wheel''' zooms in and out the view
 +
 +
=Non-Slicer Keybindings for Win, Mac, and Ubuntu=
 +
*This section was inserted for compatibility considerations.
 +
 +
*source: http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2400112,00.asp
 +
==Keyboard Shortcuts—Windows==
 +
 +
Note: Single letter keys are shown capitalized, but you do not have to hold Shift unless it's specified. You also don't have to type the plus sign; plus sign just means push the keys on either side of it at the same time.
 +
 +
*Commonly Used OS-Level Shortcuts
 +
#. Alt + Tab (toggle between programs)
 +
#. Windows button + M (show desktop, i.e., minimize all windows)
 +
#. Windows button + Tab (show all active windows in task bar)
 +
#. PrtScn (save screen capture to clipboard; "paste" the image into an image-editing program to make it into a file)
 +
#. Windows button (opens applications menu)
 +
 +
*Browser Shortcuts
 +
#. Ctrl + T (open a new tab)
 +
#. Ctrl + Shift + t (reopens the tab you last closed; works multiple times)
 +
#. F5 (reload page)
 +
#. Backspace (go to previous page; works multiple times)
 +
#. Ctrl + Tab (cycle between tabs)
 +
 +
*Commonly Used Shortcuts in Most Applications
 +
#. Ctrl+ Z (undo last operation)
 +
#. Ctrl + Y (redo last operation)
 +
#. Crtl + O (open file)
 +
#. Crtl + S (save)
 +
#. Ctrl + W (close active window or file)
 +
#. Crtl + Q (quit application)
 +
 +
*Copy-and-Pasters' Delight
 +
#. Ctrl + A (select all in active window; e.g., select all text on page)
 +
#. Ctrl + X (cut to clipboard)
 +
#. Ctrl + C (copy)
 +
#. Ctrl + V (paste)
 +
 +
*Find, Select, and Navigate Text
 +
#. Ctrl + F (find; helpful if you're searching for a particular word on a website or document)
 +
#. Ctrl + Shift + down arrow (select until end of line)
 +
#. Ctrl + Shift + up arrow (select until beginning of line)
 +
#. Ctrl + Home (move cursor to top/start of document)
 +
#. Ctrl + End (move cursor to bottom/end of document)
 +
 +
==Keyboard Shortcuts—Mac==
 +
 +
Note: Single letter keys are shown capitalized, but you do not have to hold Shift unless it's written. You also don't have to type the plus sign; plus sign just means push the keys on either side of it at the same time.
 +
 +
*Commonly Used OS-Level Shortcuts
 +
#. Command + Tab (toggle between programs)
 +
#. Command + M (minimize active window)
 +
#. Swipe three fingers up on trackpad (show all active windows)
 +
#. Command + Shift + 3 (take screen shot; the default settings will save it to a predefined location, usually the "Pictures" folder and name it "Picture1," "Picture2," etc.)
 +
#. Command + N (opens new Finder from desktop; new window/file in most other programs)
 +
 +
*Browser Shortcuts
 +
#. Command + T (open a new tab)
 +
#. Command + Shift + t (reopens the tab you last closed in Chrome, Firefox, Opera; works multiple times)
 +
#. Command + R (reload page)
 +
#. Backspace (go to previous page; works multiple times)
 +
#. Control + Tab (cycle between tabs/go to next tab in Chrome, Firefox, Opera)
 +
 +
*Commonly Used Shortcuts in Most Applications
 +
#. Command + Z (undo last operation)
 +
#. Command + Y (redo last operation)
 +
#. Command + O (open file)
 +
#. Command + S (save)
 +
#. Command + W (close active window or file)
 +
#. Command + Q (quit application)
 +
 +
*Copy-and-Pasters' Delight
 +
#. Command + A (select all in active window; e.g., select all text on page)
 +
#. Command + X (cut to clipboard)
 +
#. Command + C (copy)
 +
#. Command + V (paste)
 +
 +
*Find, Select, and Navigate Text
 +
#. Command + F (find; helpful if you're searching for a particular word on a website or document)
 +
#. Command + Shift + down arrow (select until end of line)
 +
#. Command + Shift + up arrow (select until beginning of line)
 +
#. Command + up arrow (move cursor to top/start of document)
 +
#. Command + down arrow (move cursor to bottom/end of document)
 +
 +
==Keyboard Shortcuts-Ubuntu==
 +
[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KeyboardShortcuts Ubuntu Keyboard Shortcuts] are listed on this webpage.

Latest revision as of 17:05, 21 November 2019

Home < Documentation < 4.0 < SlicerApplication < MouseandKeyboardShortcuts


For the latest Slicer documentation, visit the read-the-docs.



Table of Content

Mouse

Keyboard Accelerators

Mouse Operations

Below is basic information about how to use the three-, two-, and one-button mouse (or trackpad) on Windows, Mac, and Linux platforms to perform basic interaction operations in Slicer:

Cross Reference

Holding down the Shift-Key while moving the mouse in any Slice Viewer will cause other Slice Viewers to scroll to the same position. This feature can be combined with cross-hairs.

Crosshairs

Crosshairs are available for precise cross-correlation between Sliceviewers. Their appearance can be changed. In Navigation mode a box at the center of the crosshair allows to center the other Sliceviewers to that location by clicking and dragging the box.

Window & Level

  • Left-click & drag in a Slice Viewer adjusts Window / Level.
    • Adjust the level by moving the mouse vertically
    • Adjust the window by moving the mouse horizontally
  • An interface with sliders and numeric input fields is available in the Volumes Module for more precise controls.

Opacity blending

  • Ctrl (Apple-Command.png on the Mac) & Left-click & drag in a Slice Viewer adjusts opacity.
    • Adjust the foreground opacity by moving the mouse vertically
    • Adjust the labelmap opacity by moving the mouse horizontally
  • An interface with sliders and numeric input fields is available in the Slice View Controller for more precise controls.
Crosshair-Toolbar
A variety of crosshair modes are available in Slicer

Rotate, Zoom, Pan

Interface Device/Action Rotate (3D viewers only) Zoom Pan
3-button Left-click & drag Right-Click & vertical drag Middle-Click & drag
2-button Left-click & drag Right-Click & vertical drag Shift+Left-Click & drag
1-button Left-click & drag Ctrl+Left-Click & vertical drag Shift+Left-Click & drag
1-button Mac Left-click & drag Apple-Command.png(command)+Left-Click & vertical drag Shift+Left-Click & drag
Trackpad Mac Left-click & drag two-fingers & vertical drag Shift+Left-Click & drag

Selecting & Manipulating

Mousing over any "pickable" object in any of Slicer's viewers will cause the cursor to change from a "pointer" into a "picking hand". When the cursor shows a picking hand, left-clicking and dragging the mouse will pick and manipulate the object. Releasing the mouse button will de-select the object.

Mouse Modes

Slicer has two mouse modes: Transform, and Place. The icons in the mouse mode toolbar at the top of the main GUI allow to switch between these mouse modes and to modulate their behavior.
  • Transform mode is the default interaction mode. This mode allows interactive rotation (3D viewer only), pan/translation and zoom (see above).
  • Place mode allows to place one object then switches modes back to Transform mode. Place mode can be made persistent by clicking the checkbox adjacent to place mode. This allows to place multiple objects (e.g. fiducials).
    • Fiducial is the default object in Place mode
    • Ruler and Region Of Interest (ROI) Widgets are other available objects in the Place Mode menu.
Mouse Mode Toolbar
Transform icon to the left

Keyboard Accelerators

  • On Mac OS X use the Command key (Apple-Command.png) instead of the Control (Ctrl) key
  • fn-Delete is used for Forward Delete on built-in keyboards of portable Macs

General

Key Effect
Ctrl+O Load a new scene (clears existing scene)
Ctrl+A Import a scene (does not clear existing scene) Brings up Add Data instead
Ctrl+S Save a scene
Ctrl+W Close a scene
Ctrl+Z Undo the history of undoable commands, from last to first.
Ctrl+Y Redo the history of undoable commands, from last to first.
Ctrl+H Set current module to "home" module for easy access.
Space Toggles the display of Slicer's Edit Box.
Ctrl+P Display the Python console Displays the QT-real console
Ctrl+L Create a new fiducial list.
Ctrl+I Toggle between "Persistent Place" and "Transform View" interaction modes.
Ctrl+M Create a new Ruler measurement between the last two placed fiducials.
Ctrl+0 Display error log.
Ctrl+1 Interface documentation.
Ctrl+2 Display the Application Settings Interface for customizing Slicer.
Ctrl+3 Python Interactor.
Ctrl+4 Extension Manager.
Ctrl+5 Toggle Module Panel visible/invisible.

3D Viewer

Key Effect
r Fits the cameras field of view to show all that is visible in the viewer
w Show triangulated surface models as wireframe.
s Show triangulated surface models as shaded surfaces.

Slice Viewer

Key Effect
v Toggles the slice plane visibility in the main 3D Viewer
r Fits the slice view to the volume extents in the active Slice Viewer, or in all viewers if they are linked (the first non-none volume will be used in order of Background, Foreground and Label layers)
b or f Decrease or increase visible slice in the active Slice Viewer (left or down) by one unit of background pixel spacing
` (back-tick) Navigate to next fiducial in the active Slice Viewer, or in all viewers if they are linked (back-tick is the left single-quote on the key with the tilde (~) character in the upper left side of the keyboard)
Ctrl+` (back-tick) Navigate to next fiducial in all Slice Viewers, independent of their linked state
Shift+` (back-tick) Navigate to the previous fiducial in the active Slice Viewer, or in all viewers if they are linked
Ctrl+Shift+` (back-tick) Navigate to the previous fiducial in all Slice Viewers, independent of their linked state
p Place a new fiducial in the active Slice Viewer(adds to the current fiducial list, or creates a list if there are none)
Backspace When the mouse is hovering over a fiducial in the Slice Viewer (turning it yellow), delete that fiducial
(forward)Delete When the mouse is hovering over a fiducial in the Slice Viewer (turning it yellow), delete that fiducial

Transfer Functions

Transfer function in Volume Rendering module
  • Current point (larger radius point)
    • Left click' on an existing point : make a point current
    • Right arrow key or Top arrow key: Make next point current
    • Left arrow key or Bottom arrow key: Make previous point current
    • Left click & drag: Move current point
    • Todo: Ctrl & arrow key: Move current point horizontally & vertically
  • Add a point
    • Left click in an empty space
  • Remove a point
    • Middle click: Remove and make next point current
    • Backspace key: Remove and make previous point current
    • Del[ete] key: Remove and make next point current
  • Multi-selection (blue points)
    • Right click & drag: Select points inside rubber band area
    • Right click a point: Toggle point selection
    • Space key: Toggle current point
    • Shift & arrow key: Select next/previous point
    • Left click & drag: Move selected points
    • Todo: Ctrl & arrow key: Move selected points
    • + key: Expand selected points
    • - key: Contract selected points
  • Zoom
    • Mouse wheel zooms in and out the view

Non-Slicer Keybindings for Win, Mac, and Ubuntu

  • This section was inserted for compatibility considerations.

Keyboard Shortcuts—Windows

Note: Single letter keys are shown capitalized, but you do not have to hold Shift unless it's specified. You also don't have to type the plus sign; plus sign just means push the keys on either side of it at the same time.

  • Commonly Used OS-Level Shortcuts
  1. . Alt + Tab (toggle between programs)
  2. . Windows button + M (show desktop, i.e., minimize all windows)
  3. . Windows button + Tab (show all active windows in task bar)
  4. . PrtScn (save screen capture to clipboard; "paste" the image into an image-editing program to make it into a file)
  5. . Windows button (opens applications menu)
  • Browser Shortcuts
  1. . Ctrl + T (open a new tab)
  2. . Ctrl + Shift + t (reopens the tab you last closed; works multiple times)
  3. . F5 (reload page)
  4. . Backspace (go to previous page; works multiple times)
  5. . Ctrl + Tab (cycle between tabs)
  • Commonly Used Shortcuts in Most Applications
  1. . Ctrl+ Z (undo last operation)
  2. . Ctrl + Y (redo last operation)
  3. . Crtl + O (open file)
  4. . Crtl + S (save)
  5. . Ctrl + W (close active window or file)
  6. . Crtl + Q (quit application)
  • Copy-and-Pasters' Delight
  1. . Ctrl + A (select all in active window; e.g., select all text on page)
  2. . Ctrl + X (cut to clipboard)
  3. . Ctrl + C (copy)
  4. . Ctrl + V (paste)
  • Find, Select, and Navigate Text
  1. . Ctrl + F (find; helpful if you're searching for a particular word on a website or document)
  2. . Ctrl + Shift + down arrow (select until end of line)
  3. . Ctrl + Shift + up arrow (select until beginning of line)
  4. . Ctrl + Home (move cursor to top/start of document)
  5. . Ctrl + End (move cursor to bottom/end of document)

Keyboard Shortcuts—Mac

Note: Single letter keys are shown capitalized, but you do not have to hold Shift unless it's written. You also don't have to type the plus sign; plus sign just means push the keys on either side of it at the same time.

  • Commonly Used OS-Level Shortcuts
  1. . Command + Tab (toggle between programs)
  2. . Command + M (minimize active window)
  3. . Swipe three fingers up on trackpad (show all active windows)
  4. . Command + Shift + 3 (take screen shot; the default settings will save it to a predefined location, usually the "Pictures" folder and name it "Picture1," "Picture2," etc.)
  5. . Command + N (opens new Finder from desktop; new window/file in most other programs)
  • Browser Shortcuts
  1. . Command + T (open a new tab)
  2. . Command + Shift + t (reopens the tab you last closed in Chrome, Firefox, Opera; works multiple times)
  3. . Command + R (reload page)
  4. . Backspace (go to previous page; works multiple times)
  5. . Control + Tab (cycle between tabs/go to next tab in Chrome, Firefox, Opera)
  • Commonly Used Shortcuts in Most Applications
  1. . Command + Z (undo last operation)
  2. . Command + Y (redo last operation)
  3. . Command + O (open file)
  4. . Command + S (save)
  5. . Command + W (close active window or file)
  6. . Command + Q (quit application)
  • Copy-and-Pasters' Delight
  1. . Command + A (select all in active window; e.g., select all text on page)
  2. . Command + X (cut to clipboard)
  3. . Command + C (copy)
  4. . Command + V (paste)
  • Find, Select, and Navigate Text
  1. . Command + F (find; helpful if you're searching for a particular word on a website or document)
  2. . Command + Shift + down arrow (select until end of line)
  3. . Command + Shift + up arrow (select until beginning of line)
  4. . Command + up arrow (move cursor to top/start of document)
  5. . Command + down arrow (move cursor to bottom/end of document)

Keyboard Shortcuts-Ubuntu

Ubuntu Keyboard Shortcuts are listed on this webpage.